Week1.2(3.8Fri) zhangzhang \ Introduction to Sociology

1. Summary

"Introduction to Sociology" is a discipline that explores human social behavior, organization, and culture. It aims to help people understand social structures, social change, and the roles and influences of individuals in society. Sociologists study various social phenomena, including culture, race, gender, class, family, education, politics, economics, and crime.

In an introduction to sociology, students will learn the fundamental concepts and theoretical frameworks of sociology. This includes the methodology of sociological research, such as qualitative and quantitative research, as well as various theoretical paradigms such as functionalism, conflict theory, and symbolic interactionism. Through these theories, students can analyze and interpret social phenomena and gain a deeper understanding of social structures and individual behavior.

Introduction to sociology also involves some important themes such as socialization, social control, social change, globalization, and social inequality. These themes help students understand how society operates, recognize the complexity of social issues, and inspire them to think about how to promote social change and improve social conditions.

By studying "Introduction to Sociology," students will gain a preliminary understanding of sociology, lay the foundation for further study in the field of sociology, and cultivate critical thinking and social awareness to better understand and participate in social life.

2. Interesting projects


Social Observation and Analysis: Encourage students to conduct a sociological observation project in a public setting, such as a park, café, or shopping mall. They can observe social interactions, behaviors, and norms, and then analyze their findings through a sociological lens, exploring concepts like socialization, deviance, or symbolic interactionism.

Firstly, it's essential to choose an observation setting, which could be a public space such as a park, café, shopping mall, or train station. Then, determine the observation topic or question, which may involve social interactions, behavioral norms, cultural expressions, or any other social phenomena of interest.

Before conducting the observation, it's crucial to develop an observation plan. This includes determining the observation time and duration, recording methods, and specific aspects to focus on. For example, you may decide to observe family interactions in a park on a weekend afternoon and focus on the communication between family members.

Visit the selected setting and begin observing social phenomena. Pay attention to the behaviors, postures, facial expressions, language, and interactions of the observed individuals. Strive to remain objective and record what you see and hear, using methods such as note-taking, recording, or photography.

During the observation, record the observed data and phenomena promptly. This may include documenting observer reactions, making inferences and hypotheses, and discussing and comparing observation results with other observers. After completing the observation, analyze the data, identify potential patterns, trends, or regularities, and consider their social significance.

Finally, organize the observation findings into a report or presentation to share with others. In the report, describe the observation process, present the observation findings, and provide explanations and analysis of the observed phenomena. Through reports or presentations, stimulate discussion and promote a deeper understanding of social phenomena.

Social observation and analysis is an intuitive research method that helps people gain insights from social interactions in everyday life and provides important data and cases for sociological research. Through this method, individuals can better understand social structures and cultures, as well as the roles and influences of individuals in society.

Question

1. What are social norms? How are they defined? Can you provide some specific examples?

2. What are the classifications of social norms? Including but not limited to moral norms, behavioral norms, appearance norms, etc.


3. How are social norms formed and disseminated? Through which channels and mechanisms are they accepted and internalized by individuals?

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